tl;dr: The FCC is proposing rules that would require U.S. telecoms to collect government-issued IDs, physical addresses, and other personal data from all new and renewing phone customers, effectively eliminating anonymous "burner" phones. The agency frames it as an anti-scam measure, with additional data collection requirements for business and foreign customers. Privacy advocates and the ACLU warn the rules mirror practices in authoritarian regimes and would harm domestic abuse survivors, journalists, low-income users, and others who rely on phone anonymity.